La Romieu began as a modest priory founded by two Benedictine monks on their return from a pilgrimage to ROME (The name Larroumieu means Pilgrim in the Gascon language). The foundation, which dates from about 1062, was within the area of Firmacon and depended upon the Viscount of Lomagne.
The priory became linked to the Abbey of Saint Victor of Marseille on 5th . June 1082.
The inhabitants of the town gathered around the monastic cells built by the pilgrims and the town was defended by thick surrounding walls some 8/10 meters high. There were three gates for acces "MIRAMONT" "ROUEDE" "DE LA FONTAINE". Of these three, only that "of the fountain" appears today in its original form.
The original church of "Saint Jean de Rouède" (the first chaplain of which was Sancires de Calculo) is the oldest remaining monument.
A large building, which can be seen beside the road to CONDOM, is the ancient convent of the order of Ste Clare, the "Hospital Saint Jacques".(today private)
Finally, east of Miramont, is the collegiale and cloister which were built by Cardinal d'Aux (native of the village and chamberlain to pope CLEMENT V), with their two towers (the church tower and the octagonal tower) together with the palace which was devastated during the religious wars. It was part of the diocese of Agen until 1317 but was then linked to the diocese of CONDOM.
In 1790, during the Revolution, LA ROMIEU was the "County town" of the canton. The roman Church of Notre Dame in the village square was destroyed, creating the present day layout of the village.
At the beginning of the XXth . century, LA ROMIEU comprised approximately 850 inhabitants on 2700 hectares. All the necessary professions were represented at that time (blacksmith, cooper, doctor, cobbler, carpenter, hairdresser, grocer,...). The population decreased during the two wars (1914/1918 and 1939/1945).
LA ROMIEU is today an unpretentious village within the canton of CONDOM but continues to be a very genuine place where history is written on all walls. Dominated by the Collegiate Church with its' imposing towers, the village is constantly changing and maintains an equilibrium between past and future.